Radio Frequency Interference Impact Assessment on Global Navigation Satellite Systems

The Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen of the EC Joint Research Centre (IPSC-JRC) has beenmandated to perform a study on the Radio Frequency (RF) threat against telecommunications and ICT controlsystems. This study is divided into two parts. The rst part concerns the assessment of high energy radio frequency(HERF) threats, where the focus is on the generation of electromagnetic pulses (EMP), the development ofcorresponding devices and the possible impact on ICT and power distribution systems. The second part of thestudy concerns radio frequency interference (RFI) with regard to global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Thisdocument contributes to the second part and contains a detailed literature study disclosing the weaknesses ofGNSS systems. Whereas the HERF analysis only concerns intentional interference issues, this study on GNSS alsotakes into account unintentional interference, enlarging the spectrum of plausible interference scenarios. The mission of the JRC is to provide customer-driven scientific and technical support for the conception, de-velopment, implementation and monitoring of EU policies. As a service of the European Commission, the JRCfunctions as a reference centre of science and technology for the Union. Close to the policy-making process, itserves the common interest of the Member States, while being independent of special interests, whether privateor nationalLB-NA-2242-EN-C